Burner.



G. W. HOPKINS BURNER,

APPLICATION mm MAY 2a. 1913.

I 1 ,21 5,153. Patented'Feb.6,1917.

Win 660 6:1 Izveritof UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

:IlORGE W. HOPKINS, OF CLEVELAND, OI-IIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE ACET"LENE STOVE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

BURNER.

Application filed May 26. 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, GEORGE Hornms, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and ex act description. I

This invention relates to burners adapted particularly for use with acetylene. The main objects of the invention are to provide an acetylene burner which is highly efficient,. both as a heating and lighting burner},- which by its construction eliminates the liability of the burner becoming heated tothepoint or temperature at which decomposition of the gas may take place, whether the burner is employed with high orlovvpressure systems; and which at the same itime is strong, durable andinexpensivezt'o' manufacture;

Further objects are to provide a burner wherein there is no danger of theflame flashing back into the interior of the burner structure; wherein the flame can be turned very? low without liability of being accidentally extinguished, and wherein a good com-mingling of air and gas is secured at varying gas pressures, and whether the flame is turned high or low.

Acetylene burners are usually provided with an inner burner tube or chambered member having restricted gas orifices, and with an outer delivery cap, one of the chief functions of which is to protect the inner member from being heated to a sufliciently high temperature to cause decomposition of the gas. It has generally been considered essential that this delivery cap (which is commonly constructed of rather thin sheet metal) be so connected to or associated with Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 6, 1917.

Serial No. 769,792. 7

the parts and sulficieutly large radiating surfaces the heat is dissipated so rapidly by k conduction and radiation that the mixing chamber is ale-aye mai itained at a temperature below that at which decomposition of gas occurs.

The above and other novel features which contribute to the attainment of the objects stated, constitute my invention which may be here briefly summarized as consisting in certain novel COIHblIlliLlOIlS and arrangements of parts which will be described in the specification and set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompanying sheet of drawings, wherein I have shown he preferred form of my invention, Figure 1 is a side view of the burner with parts brol en away to show the interior construction; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view; Fig 3 is a top plan view; Fig. 4: is a transverse S ctional view substan tially along the line 41- 1 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction indicai ed by the arrow, and Fig. is a transverse sectional view substantially along the line 5 5 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow.

The burner includes a mixing tube 10, at the base of which is an air intake member or chamber 11 to whi(h is secured a check 12, including a nozzle 12 which extends through the base of ti 1e intake, and has a restricted orifice 12, in line with and adjacent to the inner passageway 10 of the mixing tube 10. This restricted orifice 12 causes the incoming ga; (supplied by a pipe which is adapted to be connected to a nipple portion 12 of the chec It) to be projected in a fine stream into the passageway 10 of the mixing tube, and with such velocity that air will be drawn througli openings 11" in the base of the air intake 11, and will envelop and mix with the gas as it is directed upwardly through the mixing tube passageway 10*.

Near the top of the tube 10, the passage way 10 is expanded or enlarged, as shown at 10*, and connected to the upper end of I flashing of the flame into the interior of the chamber, these orifices being in the form of narrow slots 13", which in accordance with an important part of my invention, are vertical or extend lengthwise of the chamber 13, instead of transver ely, as heretofore, so as to present the least possible resistance to the flow or passage of gas and air therethrough.

Siii-roundingthe chamber 13 is a delivery cap 14 consisting of a tubular or cylindrical body provided with a conical top, and

- struction and association of parts cooperate to-prevent the heating of either the delivery cap or mixing chamber to a temperature sufficiently high to cause decomposition of the gas, and these include :first, the capacity for absorbing and conducting away heat from the points nearest the flame; second, the intimate and heat conducting relationship between the -mixing tube, mixing chamber and delivery cap; and third,

the large heat radiating surface.

The capacity for absorbing and conducting away the heat is due in part to the fact that I' employ thicker walls or more material in the construction of the cap and mixing chamber than is usually employed in prior acetylene burner constructions. In prior constructions, thin sheet metal such as brass is generally employed, while in my construction, the cap and mixing chamber are comparatively thick and are preferably formed of cast iron. Although cast iron has a slightly lower heat conductivity than brass, the slight disadvantage resulting from the lower heat conductivity is offset, and more than offset, by utilizing more material or thicker walls in both the mixing chamber and delivery cap,suflicient material being employed to admit of rapid conduc tivity away from the upper ends of the mixing chamber and cap.

However, perhaps the most important feature or factor which contributes to the rapid and effective dissipation of heat is the inti mate relationship or conductive relationship between the cap, mixing chamber, and mixing tube, these parts being, in accordance with my invention, so associated or connected that heat can very readily pass from one part to another, or from a part of higher temperature to a part of lowertemperature. In this respect, I depart very materially from the almost universal practice of 01 structing or preventing the flow of he; from the cap to the mixing chamber.

It is a matter of no great consequence in just what particular manner the three main parts of the burner are united, as long as the conductive relationship exists. A construction wherein the three parts'are'integrally united would perhaps be most'desirable from the point of heat dissipation or conduction from one-part to another, but the integral construction is not suitable for the reason that it gives rise to difficulties in manufacture. A construction -wherein the parts are brazed or soldered together, would be as effective for the dissipation of heat, as the specific means of connection which I employ. I prefer, however, to form the three parts separately and to con nect the parts in such a way that the-flow of heat from one to another is promoted or enhanced, while at the same time, sepa-' ration of the parts can be had when repairs or inspection or cleaning is necessary, hence, the three parts have threaded connections, as shown in the drawings; It will be observed that the base of the chamber 13 isvscrewed onto the'upper' end of the mixing tube, and that the chamber-'13 is provided at its base'with an integral'external flange-like member 13, which is threaded exteriorly and onto which the base ofthe delivery cap is screwed. It is important, however, that the lengths ofthe threaded engaging portions of the parts be such that heat can fiow from one part to another very easily.

To still further promote the dissipation of heat, the burner is provided with a large heat radiating surface which is augmented by a special radiating member 15 provided preferably at or adjacent the union of the three main parts of the burner. In this instance, the radiating member is in the form of a corrugated flange extending outwardly from the base of the cap, and is here shown as integral therewith, although it is not essential that it be integral with the cap, nor that it project from or be connected to the cap, as it may be formed integral with or be connected to one of the other parts.

The arrangement of the slots 13" in the wall of the mixing chamber assists in maintaining the burner cool. The normal tendency of increasing the thickness of the chamber wall. would be to increase the back pressure or resistance to flow of gas and air through the slots, and such augmented resistance would exist if the slots were arranged horizontally or transversely with respect to the axis of the burner. However, by arranging the slots longitudinally of the mixing chamber, there is even less back pressure, and the said slots afford less re- 1 results in a burner sistance to the flow of gas and air there- -through than do horizontally or transversely arranged slots of the same Width provided in a relatively thin'chamber Wall. Hence, these slots by the decreased resistance which they offer to the flow of gas and air, admit of the passage of a greater volume of air through the burner, and hence of greater cooling action by the medium passing through the burner.

A still. further advantage arising from the use of the longitudinally disposed slots lies in the fact that'the small resistance which they oil'er to the flowof through the same, admits of the conditions are suitable for a low burning fiame,-such for example, as lack of drafts, etc.

he construction above production of a burner which is extremely strong and durable, and inexpensive to manufacture.

Having thus described my invention, What claim is:

1. A burner comprising a chambered member having restricted orifices and a delivery cap surrounding the same and provided with an orifice, the base portions of the chambered member and cap having engaging threaded portions of considerable length and area.

2'. A burner comprising a chambered member having restricted orifices and a delivery cap surrounding the same and provided with i veying the medium to be burned, a chamber provided with restricted orifices having a threaded connection with said conduit, the

engaging threaded portions being of con siderable length and area, and a delivery cap surrounding the chamber, there being a mass of heat conducting material at the junction of the conduit and chamber.

5. A burner comprising a conduit for supplying the medium to be burned, a chamber provided with restricted orifices communisaid conduit, the

and area, and a delivery eating with the conduit, and a provided with a. delivery orific ing the chamber, the bane of t screwed onto the base of the c ing a mass ofheat con lucti delivery ca the unction of the chamber and cap.

6. A burner com having threaded connectic ns ing threaded portions length and area.

burner com communicating w vided with restricted orifice s, ing the chamber and ery orifice, the end of the chamber and of the conduit, chamber anl cap.

communicating an enlarged exter livery cap surrounding the chamber and havthreaded portion at its base in threaded engagement with the enlarged portion burner comprising a conduit for conbu J'ned, a chamber mg an internally veyin the medium to be provi ed with restricted cap surrounding the chem with a at its ba ternally vided at its upper having a delivery ing a. plurality of ing of upright lengthwise of the jor portion of. the

In testimony whereof, I her sunto affix my burner comprising a conduit for conveying the medium to be burned, a chamber with the cmduit and havmg restricted orifices, said chamber having nally threaded base,,a deof the chamb 1r.

delivery and externally, the

orifice, said length of the latter.

slgnature in the presence of tw o witnesses.

GEORGE W. l IOPKINS.

Witnesses Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by

Washington, D. O.

e, surroun he cap being hamber, there ng material at prising; a conduit for conveying the medium to be burned, a chamber communicating with the co and the engagbeing of considerable prising a conduit for conveying the medium to be burned, a chamber ith the :onduit and proprovided with a delivof the conduit, the base the base of the cap having threaded connections, tl iere being a mass of heat conducting material at the junction amber and the :ied connection of the base of the chamber. 10. A burner comprising an upright tubular chamber provided with 21 end, a cap surrounding the ch: mber and pro end with a conical portion chamber havrestricted crifices consistelongated "sl ots extending chamber th rough the maconical upper orifices, a delivery hr r and provided orifice, the rhamber having se thickened portim threaded inand of the conduit having a threaded connection with the interior of the base of the cl elivery cap having a threa with the exterior 

